Interpolation by Lagrange polynomials and exact constants in inequalities for the norms of derivatives on a finite segment (Q1896945)

For an arbitrary function \(f\in W^m_\infty [a,b ]\), the following type of relation between the norms of the derivative of \(f\) are called Landau type inequalities: (1) \(|f^{(k)} |\leq \alpha|f|+ \beta|f^{(m)} |\), where \(|\cdot |= |\cdot |_{L_\infty [a,b ]}\). Let \(\Gamma= \Gamma_{m,k}\) denote the set of all pairs \((\alpha, \beta)\) such that (1) holds. Here the author considers the following problem: For arbitrary positive integers \(m\) and \(k\) find the complete set \(G_{m,k}= \{( A,B )\}\) of different pairs of exact constants in (1) which are determined by the conditions: \[ A\geq A_{m,k}= \inf_{(\alpha, \beta)\in \Gamma} \alpha, \qquad B= B(A)= \inf_{(A, \beta)\in \Gamma} \beta. \tag{2} \] The author determines for arbitrary \(m\), \(k\) the exact values of \(A_{m,k}\) and \(B_{m,k}\), and for a certain \(A^0_{m,k}\) he finds the exact constant \(A\) and \(B\) for \(A> A^0_{m,k}\). Thus if \(\omega_\delta (x):= C(x^2 -1) T'_{m- 1} (x)\), \((T_{m-1} (x)\) denotes the Chebyshev polynomial of degree \(m-1\)), the author proves Theorem 1. For all \(m\) and \(k\) the exact constants \(A_{m,k}\) and \(B_{m,k}\) defined by (2) satisfying the following relations: \[ A_{m,k}= |T^{(k)}_{m=1} |, \qquad B_{m,k}= {\textstyle {1\over m!}} |\omega_g^{( k)} (\cdot)|. \] Several examples are given. The method of proof is based on constructing interpolatory polynomials to \(f\in W^n_\infty\) in the alternating points of Chebyshev and Zolotarev polynomials.