Potential scattering on \(R^ 3 \otimes S^ 1\) (Q1901778)

We consider non-relativistic quantum mechanics on a space with an additional internal compact dimension, i.e., \(R^3\otimes S^1\) instead of \(R^3\). More specifically we study potential scattering for this case and the analyticity properties of the forward scattering amplitude, \(T_{nn}(K)\), where \(K^2\) is the total energy and the integer \(n\) denotes the internal excitation of the incoming particle. The surprising result is that the analyticity properties which are true in \(R^3\) do not hold in \(R^3\otimes S^1\). For example, \(T_{nn}(K)\) is not analytic in \(K\) for \(\text{Im } K>0\), for \(n\) such that \((|n|/R)> \mu\), where \(R\) is the radius of \(S^1\), and \(\mu^{- 1}\) is the exponential range of the potential, \(V(r, \phi)= O(e^{-\mu r})\) for large \(r\). We show by explicit counterexample that \(T_{nn}(K)\) for \(n\neq 0\), can have singularities on the physical energy sheet. We also discuss the motivation for our work and briefly the lesson it reaches us.