On \(E_{10}\) and the DDF construction (Q1901798)

The authors give a detailed account of the discrete DDF construction in the context of vertex algebras. Using the vertex operator realization of hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras, they apply their construction to describe root spaces of \(E_{10}\). For the Kac-Moody algebra \(E_{10}\), they define the DDF decomposition of a root vector of arbitrary level and realize the level one root spaces in terms of transversal DDF states. A complete analysis of a nontrivial level two root space is given, including the construction of a basis. Their example demonstrates that longitudinal DDF states appear in higher level root spaces. Thus, in general, it is necessary to admit nonsummable operators. Their construction relies crucially on the fact that the fundamental Weyl chamber of \(E_{10}\) contains precisely one null direction.