Bogomolov unstability on arithmetic surfaces (Q1902193)

It is well known that if \(E\) is a vector bundle on a projective complex surface such that \[ (\text{rk} (E)-1) c_1(E)^2 -2\text{rk} (E) c_2(E)>0 \] then there is a saturated subsheaf \(F\) of \(E\) with the property that \(c_1(F)/\text{rk} (F)-c_1(E)/\text{rk} (E)\) belongs to the positive cone of the surface. The aim of the paper under review is to prove the following arithmetic analogue of this unstability result (due to Bogomolov in the projective case). Let \((E,h)\) be a torsion free Hermitian sheaf on an arithmetic surface \(X\) such that \(\widehat {\deg} ((\text{rk} (E)-1) \widehat c_1 (E,h)^2-2\text{rk} (E) \widehat c_2 (E,h))>0\); then there is a saturated subsheaf \(F\) of \(E\) such that \(\widehat c_1 (F,h|F)/\text{rk}(F)- \widehat c_1 (E,h)/\text{rk} (E)\) lies in the positive cone of \(X\).