Circular dichotomy of the spectrum of a certain class of non-selfadjoint operators (Q1902827)

Let \(H\) be a complex Hilbert space, and let \(U\) and \(B\) be two operators on the Banach algebra \(\text{End } H\) of linear bounded operators acting on \(H\). We assume that everywhere below the operator \(U\) as being unitary, the operator \(B\) is normal, and that there is fulfilled the condition \(\sigma (B)\cap \mathbb{T}= \emptyset\) with \(\sigma (B)\) being the spectrum of the operator \(B\) and \(\mathbb{T}= \{z\in \mathbb{C}: |z|= 1\}\) being the unit circle in the complex plane \(\mathbb{C}\). If \(U\) and \(B\) are commutative operators, then there is valid the inclusion \[ \sigma (UB)= \sigma (BU) \subset \{\alpha \beta: \alpha\in \sigma (U) \subset \mathbb{T},\;\beta\in \sigma (B)\}. \] Consequently, \(\sigma (UB) \cap \mathbb{T}= \emptyset\) [following \textit{S. K. Godunov}, Sib. Mat. Zh. 30, No. 1(173), 70-81 (1989; Zbl 0686.65022), we shall say, in this case, that there is valid circular dichotomy of the spectrum of the operator \(UB\)]. If the operators \(U\) and \(B\) are not commutative, then, generally speaking, this proposition is not correct without certain additional assumptions. In the present article we obtain a criterion of the circular dichotomy of the spectra of operators \(BU\) and \(UB\) in terms of the norm of the commutator \([B,U ]= BU- UB\) (and other commutators as well). We give certain applications in difference equations and the asymptotic behavior of products of self-conjugate operators.