Semi-biplanes on the cylinder (Q1904109)

A semi-biplane is an incidence structure of points and blocks such that (1) If \(P\) and \(Q\) are distinct points, the number of blocks containing \(P\) and \(Q\) is either 2 or 0. (2) If \(b_1\) and \(b_2\) are distinct blocks, then \(b_1 \cap b_2\) contains either zero or two points. (3) The incidence graph is connected. A two-dimensional projective plane is a projective plane whose points are the points of the real projective plane and whose lines are homeomorphic to the unit circle. The author takes a 2-dimensional plane which admits an involutory homology. He represents the plane as an affine plane plus a ``line at infinity'' so that the involution \(\rho\) takes the form \((x,y) \rho = (x, -y)\) \((a) \rho = (-a)\) where (a) is a point in \(\ell_\infty\). He then removes \((\infty)\) and the points on the \(x\)-axis from the projective plane and finally ends up with a semi-biplane. The blocks are the horizontal lines of the upper half of the real plane and the wedges \(\{(x, - a(x - c)\mid x <c)\} \cup \{(x, a(x - c) \mid x > c)\}\) to which the point (a) has been adjoined. He then considers a more general class which he calls ``cylinder bi-planes'' and a class of ``restricted semi-biplanes'' which satisfy somewhat complicated conditions. It is possible to construct a restricted semi-biplane from a cylinder bi-plane.