Positive and copositive spline approximation in \(L_ p[0,1]\) (Q1904165)

The order of positive and copositive spline approximation in the \(\mathbb{L}_p\)-norm, \(1 \leq p < \infty\), is studied, the main results are (1) the error of positive approximation by splines is bounded by \(C \omega_2 (f, 1/n)_p\) if \(f\) has a nonnegative extension; (2) the order deteriorates to \(\omega_1\) if \(f\) does not have such an extension; (3) the error of compositive spline approximation is bounded by \(C \omega (f,1/n)_p\); (4) if \(f\) is also continuous, the error in (3) can be estimated in terms of the third \(\tau\)-modulus \(\tau_3 (f,1/n)_p\). All constants in the error bounds are absolute.