Spencer cohomologies and symmetries (Q1905297)

The spectral sequence of Spencer cohomologies for a formally integrable normal system of differential equations on noncharacteristic fiber manifolds, which was constructed by \textit{H. Goldschmidt} [Ann. Math., II. Ser. 86, No. 2, 246-270 (1967; Zbl 0154.35103)]\ and the authors [Lect. Notes Math. 1453, 121-136 (1990); translation from Nov. Global'nom Anal. 1988, 76-91 (1988; Zbl 0708.58029)], is an analog of the spectral Leray-Serre sequence for de Rham cohomologies. In the present paper, we use this spectral sequence to find Spencer cohomologies for systems of differential equations having compact connected symmetry groups. The essential point in calculating the spectral sequence considered is the calculation of the term \(E_2^{pq}\), which is reduced in the case considered to the calculation of Spencer cohomologies for invariant systems of differential equations on homogeneous spaces. For this reason, in the present paper we emphasize on the whole such systems of differential equations. The basic theorem (Theorem 8) connects the arithmetics of the (complex) characteristic manifold of a given system with respect to the system of fundamental weights \(\text{Ch} ({\mathcal G}, {\mathcal G}_0)\) with the conditions for stable Spencer cohomologies to coincide with invariant ones. Thus, the problem of calculating stable Spencer cohomologies for an invariant system of differential equations on a homogeneous manifold becomes a purely algebraic problem.