A thermodynamically consistent rate-dependent model for turbulent two-phase flows (Q1905501)

The averaged equations of motion including the Clausius-Duhem inequality for multiphase mixtures are considered and the thermodynamics of the mean motion is studied. Based on the averaged entropy inequality, constitutive equations are formulated, and the thermodynamical constraints on material parameters are obtained. The resulting expressions for the phasic stresses are anisotropic, rate-dependent and exhibit normal stress effects. It is shown that the present theory contains the recently developed turbulence models for dilute two-phase flows and kinetic models for dense granular flows as special cases.