Wavelets and Besov spaces (Q1907043)

Let \((\psi_{\varepsilon})_{\varepsilon \in E}\) be a finite family of wavelets such that the sequence \(\{2^{jn/2}\psi_{\varepsilon}(2^jx- {\mathbf k})\); \(\varepsilon \in E\), \(j \in Z\), \({\mathbf k} \in Z^n\}\) is an orthonormal basis for \(L^{2}(R^n)\). One of the characteristics of wavelet bases is that they are bases, not only of \(L^{2}(Z^n)\), but also of ``all'' the usual function spaces. Thus, for the distribution \[ f = \sum_{\varepsilon, j, {\mathbf k}} c_{\varepsilon, j, {\mathbf k}} 2^{j(n/p -s)} \psi_{\varepsilon}(2^j(\cdot) - {\mathbf k}) \] one would expect the equivalence of the norms \[ \| f\| _{{\dot B}^{s, q}(R^n)} \approx \sum_{\varepsilon} \bigl ( \sum_{j \in Z} \bigl ( \sum_{{\mathbf k} \in Z^n} | c_{\varepsilon, j, {\mathbf k}}| ^p \bigr)^{q/p} \bigr) ^{1/q}, \leqno{(1)} \] where \({\dot B}^{s, q}\) denotes the \textit{homogeneous} Besov space. If the functions \(\psi_{\varepsilon}\) are in the Schwartz class and all their moments vanish, the equivalence (1) is satisfied for every \(s \in R\). On the other hand, if the \(\psi_{\varepsilon}\) are compactly supported wavelets, spline wavelets, or, more generally, \(r\)-regular wavelets in the sense of Meyer, the equivalence (1) is only satisfied for \(-r < s < r\). It is therefore natural to search for the weakest regularity conditions that should be satisfied by the \(\psi_{\varepsilon}\) so that the equivalence (1) be satisfied for any given \(s\). The author establishes such conditions for functions \(\psi_{\varepsilon}\) belonging to certain Besov spaces of order \(\pm s\). These spaces are not obtained from \(L^p(R)\), but from a certain subspace of \(L^p(R)\) that is explicitly given.