On the newly generalized absolute Riesz summability of orthogonal series (Q1908571)

Let \(S_n\) denote the \(n\)th partial sum of the series \(\Sigma a_n\). Define \[ R_n= \lambda^{-1}_{n+1} \sum^n_{m=0} (\lambda_{m+1} - \lambda_m) S_m \] where \(\lambda_n\) is an increasing sequence of nonnegative numbers with \(\lambda_n \to \infty\), \(\lambda_0 = 0\), and \(\lambda_1=1\). This paper defines the \(|R,\lambda, \gamma (t) |_k\) summability. The series \(\Sigma a_n\) is summable \(|R,\lambda, \gamma (t) |_k\) if the series \[ \sum^\infty_{n=0} \gamma(\lambda_n)^k \lambda_n^{k-1} |R_n-R_{n-1} |^k \] converges. If \(\gamma (t)=1\) or \(k\), this summability reduces to \(|R, \lambda,1|\) summability. Inspired by a result of \textit{F. Móricz} [Acta Sci. Math. 23, 92-95 (1962; Zbl 0104.28603)], the author proves the following theorem: Suppose that \(1\leq k\leq 2\) and \(\gamma(t)\) is a positive nondecreasing function on \([1,\infty)\) such that the sequence \(\{\gamma (n)\}\) is quasi \(\eta\)-power monotone decreasing for some \(\eta> -1/k\). Then the condition \[ \sum^\infty_{m=1} \gamma (2^m)^k2^{m(k-1)} \left(\sum^{\nu_{m+1}}_{n=\nu_m+1} c_n^2 \right)^{k/2}< \infty\tag{A} \] is sufficient that the orthogonal series \[ \sum^\infty_{n=0} c_n \varphi_n(x) \quad \text{with} \quad \sum^\infty_{n=0} c_n^2 <\infty, \] should be summable \(|R, \lambda, \gamma(t) |_k\) a.e. for every orthonormal system \(\{\varphi_n (x)\}\). In the special case \(k=1\) condition (A) is also necessary. Furthermore, the condition (A) for \(1<k\leq 2\) cannot be improved in general. The author also establishes a result by imposing additional restrictions on \(\{\lambda_n\}\). The special case \(\lambda_n=1\) will include the special case \(\alpha=1\) of a theorem proved by the author for Cesàro means; see [Acta Math. Hung. 68, No. 4, 295-316 (1995; Zbl 0856.42019)].