On some subclasses of Nevanlinna functions (Q1909642)

Summary: For any function \(Q= Q(\ell)\) belonging to the class \({\mathbf N}\) of Nevanlinna functions, the function \(Q_\tau= Q_\tau (\ell)\) defined by \(Q_\tau (\ell)= {{Q(\ell)- \tau (\text{Im } Q(\mu))^2} \over {\tau Q(\ell) +1}}\) belongs to \({\mathbf N}\) for all values of \(\tau\in \mathbb{R}\cup \{\infty \}\). The class \({\mathbf N}\) possesses subclasses \({\mathbf N}_0 \subset {\mathbf N}_1\), each defined by some additional asymptotic conditions. If a function \(Q\) belongs to such a subclass, then for all but one value of \(\tau\in \mathbb{R}\cup \{\infty \}\) the function \(Q_\tau\) belongs to the same subclass and the corresponding exceptional function can be characterized. In this note we introduce two subclasses \({\mathbf N}_{-2} \subset {\mathbf N}_{-1}\) of \({\mathbf N}_0\) which can be described in terms of the moments of the spectral measures in the associated integral representations. We characterize the corresponding exceptional function in a purely function-theoretic way by suitably estimating certain quadratic terms. The behaviour of the exceptional function connects the subclasses \({\mathbf N}_{-2}\) and \({\mathbf N}_{-1}\) to the classes \({\mathbf N}_0\) and \({\mathbf N}_1\), respectively, as studied in [\textit{H. Langer} and the authors, `Selfadjoint extensions for a class of symmetric operators with defect numbers \((1,1)\)', to appear]. In operator-theoretic terms these notions have a translation in terms of \(Q\)-functions of selfadjoint extensions of a symmetric operator with defect numbers \((1,1)\). In this sense the exceptional function has an interpretation in terms of a generalized Friedrichs extension of the symmetric operator.