The explicit solution of the matrix equation \(AX-XB = C\) (Q1910313)

This paper deals with finding solutions of the real matrix equation \(AX - XB = C\), where \(A\) is \(n \times n\), \(B\) is \(m \times m\), \(C\) and the unknown \(X\) are \(m \times n\). For the situation when \(A\) and \(B\) are symmetric or skewsymmetric, the authors prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of that equation, which are applicable to any cases of eigenvalues. An explicit formula for the corresponding solution is also presented. The general situation, when \(A\) and \(B\) are any real matrices, may be easily deduced from the cases studied here.