Conjugacy separability of amalgamated free products of groups (Q1911325)

A group \(G\) is conjugacy separable, if any two elements whose images are conjugate in every finite homomorphic image of \(G\), are actually conjugate in \(G\) itself. (It was shown by Mal'cev in 1958, by means of an argument now become standard, that if a finitely presented group is conjugacy separable, then it has solvable conjugacy problem.) The present paper extends the class of free products with amalgamation \(A*_UB\) known to be conjugacy separable: Theorem. If \(A\) and \(B\) are free-by-finite or finitely nilpotent-by-finite groups (not necessarily both of the same type), and \(U\) is cyclic, then \(A*_UB\) is conjugacy separable. This strengthens a theorem of \textit{C. Y. Tang} [Can. Math. Bull. 38, No. 1, 120-127 (1995; Zbl 0822.20027)]. The method of proof is somewhat unusual is this area in that it uses the theory of profinite groups acting on profinite trees.