Two questions of L. A. Shemetkov on critical groups (Q1911333)

Let \(\mathcal X\) be a class of finite groups. A group \(G\) is called minimal non-\(\mathcal X\)-group or simply \(\mathcal X\)-critical, if \(G\) is not in \(\mathcal X\) but all proper subgroups of \(G\) are in \(\mathcal X\). A local formation \(\mathcal F\) has the Shemetkov property if every \(\mathcal F\)-critical group is either an \(\mathcal N\)-critical group (i.e. a Shmidt group) or a cyclic group of prime order. \textit{L. A. Shemetkov} [see Vopr. Algebr. 7, 3-38 (1992), Problem 10.22; and ``The Kourovka Notebook: Unsolved Problems in Group Theory'', Novosibirsk (1992; Zbl 0831.20003), Problem 8.87] formulated the following problems: (1) Let \(\mathcal F\) be a non-empty subgroup-closed formation of finite groups. Assume that \(\mathcal F\) has the Shemetkov property. Is \(\mathcal F\) local? (2) Find all subgroup-closed saturated formations \(\mathcal F\) satisfying the following condition: every \(\mathcal F\)-critical group is biprimary. The following results of this paper are answers to (1) and (2): (A) Let \(\mathcal F\) be a class of finite groups \(G\) such that every \(\{3,5\}\)-subgroup of \(G\) is nilpotent. Then \(\mathcal F\) is a subgroup-closed nonlocal formation with the Shemetkov property. (B) Let \(\mathcal F\) be a class of finite groups. The following statements are pairwise equivalent: (i) \(\mathcal F\) is a subgroup-closed formation such that every \(\mathcal F\)-critical group is biprimary. (ii) \(\mathcal F\) is a subgroup-closed formation such that \({\mathcal F}=(G\in{\mathcal E}/S_{\{p,q\}}(G)\subseteq{\mathcal F}\) for all pairs of primes \(\{p,q\}\)), where \(S_{\{p,q\}}(G)\) is a set of all \(\{p,q\}\)-subgroups of group \(G\). (iii) There exists a function \(f\) which associates with each pair of primes \(\{p,q\}\) a formation \(f(p,q)\) of finite groups such that \({\mathcal F}=(G\in{\mathcal E}/S_{\{p,q\}}(G)\subseteq f(p,q))\). (C) Let \(\mathcal F\) be a saturated formation with \(\text{char }{\mathcal F}=\pi\). The following are pairwise equivalent: (i) \(\mathcal F\) is a subgroup-closed formation such that every \(\mathcal F\)-critical group is biprimary. (ii) (a) \(\mathcal F\) is subgroup-closed. (b) \({\mathcal F}\cap\text{Crit}_s(F(p))\subseteq P(p)\), for each prime \(p\in\pi\), where \(\text{Crit}_s(F(p))\) is the class of all \(F(p)\)-critical groups, \(P(p)\) is the class of all biprimary groups \(G\) of order \(p^aq^b\) for some prime \(q\) and \(a,b\geq 0\), \(F\) is the canonical local definition of \({\mathcal F}\). (c) If \(G\) is a primitive group of type 2 in \(\text{Crit}_s(\mathcal F) \cap b(\mathcal F)\) (\(b(\mathcal F)\) is the boundary of \(\mathcal F\)), then \(G\) is not simple and for each prime \(p\in\pi(\text{Soc}(G))\), there is no core-free maximal subgroup of \(G\) in \(F(p)\). (iii) (a) \(\mathcal F\) is locally defined by a formation function \(f\) given by \(f(p)=(G\in\mathcal E:S_{\{p,q\}}(G)\subseteq f(p,q)\), where \(f(p,q)\) is a formation such that \(\mathcal S_pf(p,q)=f(p,q)\) for all \(q\)) for each prime \(p\in\pi\), and \(f(r)=\emptyset\) if \(r\not\in\pi\). (b) \(F\) satisfies (ii) (c). \textit{S. F. Kamornikov} [Sib. Mat. Zh. 35, No. 4, 801-812 (1994)] answering the questions (1) and (2) studied the non-local formations with Shemetkov property. Specifically he proved that every a non-empty subgroup-closed formation with Shemetkov property is composition.