Dehn surgeries on knots creating essential tori. I (Q1911814)

The main result is the following: If a Dehn surgery \(K(\gamma)\) on a hyperbolic knot in \(S^3\) along a slope \(\gamma\), contains an incompressible torus then \(\Delta(\gamma,\mu)\leq 2\). Here \(\mu\) is the meridian and \(\Delta\) is the minimal geometric intersection number. It should be noted that by \textit{W. P. Thurston} [Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 6, 357-379 (1982; Zbl 0496.57005)] hyperbolic is equivalent to not a torus knot and not a satellite knot. The theorem does generalize the corresponding result by \textit{M. Eudave-Muñoz} for strongly invertible knots [Pac. J. Math. 167, 81-117 (1995; Zbl 0843.57017)]. The proof given here in fact does reduce the general result to the special case of strongly invertible knots using a difficult combinatorial argument. Furthermore the authors prove that if \(K(\gamma)\) contains an incompressible torus and \(\Delta(\gamma,\mu)=2\) then the minimal intersection number of such an incompressible torus with the surgery core is \(t=2\) or \(t=4\). It is announced by the authors that actually \(t=2\) always holds with the proof given in [Dehn surgeries on knots creating essential tori II].