Some problems on Dedekind-type groups (Q1913947)

Let \(S\) denote a right transversal with identity element relative to a subgroup \(H\) in a group \(G\). With respect to the operation defined on \(S\) by \(x\circ y=S\cap Hxy\), \(\forall x,y\in S\), \(S\) is a right quasigroup. Set \(H_S=\langle S\rangle\cap H\), \(\langle S\rangle\) the subgroup generated by \(S\). There exists a permutation representation \(\phi:G\to\text{Sym}(S)\); \(\phi(g)(x)=S\cap Hxg\) for \(g\in G\), \(x\in S\). Set \(G_S=\phi(H_S)\). Identify a subgroup \(H\) as stable in \(G\) if for each pair of right transversals \(S\), \(S^*\) for \(H\) in \(G\), \(G_S\) and \(G_{S^*}\) are isomorphic. With this article, the author initiates a study in the characterization of finite groups for which each subgroup satisfies this property. The principal results proven here are the following: (1) A finite solvable group has all of its subgroups stable if and only if it is a Dedekind group; (2) A finite simple group has all its subgroups stable if and only if it is non-factorizable. To arrive at (1), the author establishes these lemmas: (A) All subgroups of a finite \(p\)-group for an odd prime \(p\) are stable if and only if it is an abelian \(p\)-group; (B) If \(G\) is a finite 2-group all of whose subgroups are stable, then \(G\) is a Dedekind group. One by-product is that a finitely generated solvable group all of whose subgroups are stable is a nilpotent group. Another is that if \(G\) is a non-Dedekind finite group all of whose subgroups are stable and all of whose proper quotient groups are Dedekind, then \(G\) is simple. The development of (2) demands a careful examination of results related to the factorization of simple groups.