Strong Morita equivalence and a generalisation of the Rees theorem (Q1913957)

Continuing earlier papers the author again considers Morita equivalent semigroups, i.e. semigroups \(R\) and \(S\) such that the categories \(R\)-\textbf{FxAct} and \(S\)-\textbf{FxAct} are equivalent. Here \(S\)-\textbf{FxAct} consists of unitary left \(S\)-acts \({_SM}\) such that the canonical \(S\)-homomorphism \(\Gamma_M:S\otimes S({_SS},{_SM})\) defined by \(s\otimes t\alpha\mapsto (st)\alpha\) is an isomorphism and \({_SM}\) is called unitary if \(SM=M\). A semigroup \(S\) which is unitary as a left \(S\)-act, i.e. fulfills \(S=S^2\) is called factorizable. A six-tuple \(\langle R,S,{_RP_S},{_SQ_R},\langle , \rangle,[, ]\rangle\) is said to be a unitary Morita context, where \(R\) and \(S\) are factorisable semigroups, \({_RP_S}\) and \({_SQ_R}\) are unitary \(R\)-\(S\)- and \(S\)-\(R\)-biacts respectively, \(\langle , \rangle\) is an \(R\)-\(R\)-morphism of \(P\otimes{_SQ}\) into \(R\), and \([, ]\) is an \(S\)-\(S\)-morphism of \(Q\otimes{_RP}\) into \(S\) such that the following hold: 1. \(\langle p,q\rangle p'=p[q,p']\) 2. \(q\langle p,q'\rangle=[q,p]q'\). The author calls two semigroups \(R\) and \(S\) strongly Morita equivalent if there exists a unitary Morita context such that \(\langle , \rangle\) and \([, ]\) are surjective. It is proved that strong Morita equivalence implies Morita equivalence. A semigroup is called a sandwich semigroup if there exists a set of idempotents \(E\) in \(S\) such that \(S=SES\). If \(R\) and \(S\) are sandwich semigroups which are strongly Mority equivalent, then the subcategories of principal projectives are equivalent and the cardinalities of sets of regular \(D\)-classes of \(R\) and \(S\) are equivalent. If \(e,f\in R\) are idempotent, then there exist idempotents \(e',f'\in S\) such that \(eRf\) and \(e'Sf'\) are isomorphic semigroups. Let \(R\) be a semigroup and \({_RP}\), \(Q_R\) be left and right \(R\)-acts respectively and \(\langle , \rangle:{_RP}\times Q_R\to R\) a mapping such that \(\langle rp,q\rangle=r\langle p,q\rangle\) and \(\langle p,qr\rangle=\langle p,q\rangle r\) for \(p\in P\), \(q\in Q\), \(r\in R\). Then the tensor product \(Q_R\otimes{_RP}\) becomes a semigroup with respect to the product \((q\otimes p)(q'\otimes p')=q\otimes\langle p,q'\rangle p'\). This semigroup is called the Morita semigroup over \(R\) defined by \(\langle , \rangle\). It is proved that \(Q_R\otimes{_RP}\) is strongly Morita equivalent to \(R\) if \(R\) is factorizable, \(P\) and \(Q\) are unitary and \(\langle , \rangle\) is surjective. As an application the author shows that a completely 0-simple semigroup gives rise to a Morita context. Then using the result of a former paper of the author (cited as [14]) that a completely 0-simple semigroup is Morita equivalent to a group with 0, he gets a new proof of the classical Rees structure theorem.