A multiplicity result for strongly nonlinear perturbations of elliptic boundary value problems (Q1916863)

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(n\geq 2\), with smooth boundary; let \(g:\Omega\times\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) be a \(C^1\) function, \(\lim_{\xi\to-\infty}\partial_2g(.,\xi)=0\) uniformly, \(\liminf_{\xi\to+\infty} g(.,\xi)/\xi>0\) uniformly, and there exist \(C_1\) and \(C_2>0\) such that \(|\partial_2g(x,\xi)|\leq C_1+C_2|\xi|^{p-1}\) for \(x\in\Omega\) and \(\xi\in\mathbb{R}\), where \(1<p<(n+2)/(n-2)\) if \(n\geq 3\) and \(p>1\) if \(n=2\). Let \(\varphi_1\) be a positive eigenfunction corresponding to \(\lambda_1\), the first eigenvalue of \(-\Delta\) in \(\Omega\) with Dirichlet conditions, let \(h\in C^\alpha(\Omega)\) for \(\alpha>0\) be orthogonal to \(\varphi_1\) in \(L^2(\Omega)\), \(t\in\mathbb{R}\), \(J:H^1_0(\Omega)\to\mathbb{R}\) defined by \[ J(u)=\int_\Omega{1\over 2}|\nabla u(x)|^2-{\lambda\over 2} u(x)^2-\Biggl(\int^{u(x)}_0g(x,\tau)d\tau\Biggr)-t \varphi_1(x)u(x )- h(x)u(x)dx. \] Theorem 1: Let \(\lambda>\lambda_1\), \(\lambda\) not an eigenvalue; then there exists \(T(h)\) such that for \(t>T(h)\) there exists \(u_t\in H^1_0(\Omega)\), \(u_t<0\) in \(\Omega\), \(u_t\) a minimal solution of \(J'(u)=0\), \(u_t(x)\to-\infty\) as \(t\to+\infty\) for all \(x\in\Omega\). Furthermore, there exists \(T_2\in\mathbb{R}\) such that for \(t>T_2\) there is no \(v\in H^1_0(\Omega)\), \(v\neq 0\) such that \(J''(u_t)(v,w)=0\) for all \(w\in H^1_0(\Omega)\). Theorem 2: Under the hypothesis of Theorem 1 and if \[ \liminf_{\xi\to+\infty} {\xi g(.,\xi)-2\int^\xi_0 g(.,\tau)d\tau\over |g(.,\xi)|^{1+1/p}}>0 \] uniformly, then for \(t>T_2\) there are at least two critical points for \(J\).