\(\mathcal{L}^p\) estimates for some ultraparabolic operators with discontinuous coefficients (Q1917653)

The authors consider a class of Kolmogorov-Fokker-Planck type evolution operators on \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) of the form \[ L:= \sum^q_{i,j= 1} a_{ij}(z)\partial_{x_i x_j}+ \langle x,BD\rangle- \partial_t,\quad z=(x,t)\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}, \] where \(D= (\partial_{x_1},\dots,\partial_{x_n})\). The principal part of the operator is uniformly elliptic on \(\mathbb{R}^q\) for \(q\leq n\). The matrix \(B\) is a constant upper triangular matrix for which the operator obtained by freezing the coefficients \(a_{ij}\) at any point \(z_0\in\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) is hypoelliptic, i.e., the operator \(L_{z_0}\) that corresponds to the \(a_{ij}= a_{ij}(z_0)\) being fixed. The authors formulate a representation formula for the second derivatives of a solution to \(Lu= f\). They characterize \(L^p\) estimates for these derivatives predicated on the assumption that the coefficients \(a_{ij}\) belong to a space of vanishing mean oscillation with respect to a suitable metric on \(B\).