Hodge index theorem for arithmetic cycles of codimension one (Q1920884)

Let \(f:X\to \text{Spec} (\mathbb{Z})\) be a \((d+1)\)-dimensional regular arithmetic variety over \(\text{Spec} (\mathbb{Z})\), i.e. \(X\) is regular, \(X\) is projective and flat over \(\text{Spec} (\mathbb{Z})\) and \(d=\dim f\). Let \(H\) be an \(f\)-ample line bundle on \(X\) and \(k\) a Hermitian metric of \(H\). Here we consider a homomorphism \[ L:\widehat {CH}^p(X)_\mathbb{R} \to \widehat {CH}^{p+1} (X)_\mathbb{R} \] defined by \(L(x)= x\cdot \widehat{{c_1}} (H,k)\). \textit{H. Gillet} and \textit{C. Soulé} [in: ``Motives'', Proc. Summer Res. Conf. Motives, Univ. Washington 1991, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 55, Part 1, 129-140 (1994; Zbl 0820.14007)] conjectured the following arithmetic analogues of Grothendieck's standard conjectures: For a suitable choice of \(k\), if \(2p\leq d+1\), then (a) the homomorphism \(L^{d+1-2p}: \widehat {CH}^p(X)_\mathbb{R} \to \widehat {CR}^{d+1-p} (X)_\mathbb{R}\) is bijective, and (b) if \(x\in\widehat{CH}^p(X)_\mathbb{R}\), \(x \neq 0\) and \(L^{d+2-2p} (x)=0\), then \((-1)^p \widehat {\deg} \bigl(x \cdot L^{d+1-2p} (x) \bigr) >0\). We say a Hermitian line bundle \((H,k)\) on \(X\) is arithmetically ample if (1) \(H\) is \(f\)-ample, (2) the Chern form \(c_1(H_\infty, k_\infty)\) is positive definite on the infinite fiber \(X_\infty\), and (3) there is a positive integer \(m_0\) such that, for any integer \(m\geq m_0\), \(H^0 (X,H^m)\) is generated by the set \(\{s\in H^0 (X,H^m) ||s_\infty |_{\sup} <1\}\). In this note, we would like to prove the following partial answer of the above conjecture for general regular arithmetic varieties. Theorem A. Assume that \(d\geq 1\) and \((H,k)\) is arithmetically ample. Then we have the following: (1) \(L^{d-1}: \widehat {CH}^1(X)_\mathbb{R} \to \widehat {CH}^d(X)_\mathbb{R}\) is injective. (2) If \(x\in \widehat {CH}^1(X)_\mathbb{R}\), \(x\neq 0\) and \(L^d(x) =0\), then \(\widehat {\deg} (xL^{d-1} (x))<0\). Theorem A is a consequence of the higher dimensional generalization of Faltings-Hriljac's Hodge index theorem on arithmetic surfaces [see \textit{G. Faltings}, Ann. Math., II. Ser. 119, 387-424 (1984; Zbl 0559.14005) and \textit{P. Hriljac}, Am. J. Math. 107, 23-38 (1985; Zbl 0593.14004)].