Isomorphic classification of Cartesian products of power series spaces (Q1923894)

Let \(A= (a_{ip})_{i\in I,p\in\mathbb{N}}\) be a matrix of real numbers such that \(0\leq a_{ip}\leq a_{i,p+1}\) for each \(p\in\mathbb{N}\) and \(i\in I\), where \(I\) is a countable set. Then the Köthe space \[ K(A):= \Bigl\{ x=(x_i)\in \mathbb{K}^I\mid \forall p\in\mathbb{N}: |x|_p:= \sum_{i\in I}|x_i|a_{ip}<\infty \Bigr\} \] is a Fréchet space with its natural topology. In particular, for any sequence \(a=(a_k)_{k\in\mathbb{N}}\) of positive real numbers, the Köthe spaces \[ E_0(a):= K\bigl(\exp \bigl(- \textstyle {\frac1p} a_k \bigr)\bigr) \qquad\text{and}\qquad E_\infty(a):= K(\exp(pa_k)) \] are called, respectively, finite and infinite power series spaces. (They are Schwartz spaces if and only if \(a_k\to\infty\).) One of the main results is Theorem 2 where the authors give a complete isomorphic classification of the Cartesian products of the kind \(E_0(a)\times E_\infty(b)\). In the case where at least one of the factors is a Schwartz space this classification was already obtained by the third author [Funkts. Anal. Prilozh. 4, No. 2, 87-88 (1970; Zbl 0206.42102); Studia Math. 46, 201-221 (1973; Zbl 0261.46003)] whereas the general case is essentially based on Theorem 1 which is of mathematical interest in itself and is as follows. If \(E_0(a)\times E_\infty(b) \simeq E_0(\widetilde{a}) \times E_\infty(\widetilde{b})\), then the following relations hold: \[ \begin{aligned} &\exists M,\;\tau_0>0\;\forall \tau\geq \tau_0: |\{i: \tau\leq a_i\leq t\}|\leq|\{i: \tau/M\leq \widetilde{a}_i\leq Mt\}|;\\ &\exists M,\;\tau_0>0\;\forall \tau\geq \tau_0: |\{i: \tau\leq b_i\leq t\}|\leq|\{i: \tau/M\leq \widetilde{b}_i\leq Mt\}|. \end{aligned} \] The third main result is Theorem 3 and deals with the non-Schwartz case: If \(E_0(a)\times E_\infty(b)\simeq E_0(\widetilde{a})\times E_\infty (\widetilde{b})\) and each of the sequences \(a\), \(b\), \(\widetilde{a}\), \(\widetilde{b}\) does not tend to infinity, then \(E_0(a)\simeq E_0(\widetilde{a})\) and \(E_0(b)\simeq E_0(\widetilde{b})\).