A combinatorial result on Gröbner fans with an application to universal Gröbner bases (Q1924547)

Let \(I\) be an ideal in the ring \(R\) of polynomials in \(n\) indeterminates over a field. To each term order \(\prec\) on \(R\) there corresponds a rational cone \(C_\prec (I)\) contained in the positive orthant \(\mathbb{R}^n_+\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), the so-called Gröbner cone of \(I\) with respect to \(\prec\), and there is a one-to-one mapping between the set of the Gröbner cones of \(I\) and the set of all oriented reduced Gröbner bases of \(I\). (An oriented polynomial in \(R\) is a non-zero element \(f\in R\) together with the specification of one of the monomials occurring in \(f\) as its initial monomial, and a subset of \(R\) is called oriented if each of its element is oriented.) The set \({\mathcal F} (I)\) of the Gröbner cones of \(I\) is finite and is called the (restricted) Gröbner fan of \(I\) [cf \textit{T. Mora} and \textit{L. Robbiano}, J. Symb. Comput. 6, No. 2/3, 183-208 (1988; Zbl 0668.13017)]. In this paper the following theorem is proved: The Gröbner fan \({\mathcal F} (I)\) is a polyhedral tesselation of \(\mathbb{R}^n_+\) which is regular in the sense that the intersection of two Gröbner cones of \(I\) is a common face of these cones. The Gröbner fan \({\mathcal F} (I)\) is therefore a fan in the sense of the theory of toric varieties [cf. \textit{T. Oda}, ``Convex Bodies and algebraic geometry. An introduction to the theory of toric varieties'' (1988; Zbl 0628.52002)]. -- In the second part of this paper the regularity of \({\mathcal F} (I)\) is used to obtain an algorithm for the enumeration of all oriented reduced Gröbner bases of the ideal \(I\).