Thermodynamically consistent interpolation for equation of state tables (Q1924863)

We present a method for constructing a thermodynamically consistent bi-quintic interpolation scheme that permits the construction of accurate equation of state (EOS) tables. Thermodynamic consistency requires the first law of thermodynamics to be satisfied exactly, i.e., that the pressure and entropy must satisfy the appropriate Maxwell relations. Furthermore, the pressure and internal energy must satisfy their definitions in terms of the derivatives of the Helmholtz free energy. This formalism can be extended to the case where the EOS is a function of chemical composition variables as well as density and temperature.