Yangians, integrable quantum systems and Dorey's rule (Q1925000)

There is a conjecture of physicists about the relation between so called ``fusings'' of particles in affine Toda field theories and fundamental representations of corresponding symmetry algebras, called Dorey's rule in the classical case. In this paper the conjecture is proved for the case of quantum particles in affine Toda field theories based on the dual affine algebra \(\widehat{\mathfrak g}^*\) in correspondences to the ``fundamental representations'' of the quantum affine algebra \(U_\varepsilon (\widehat{\mathfrak g})\) as the quantum symmetry group of the theory. \({\mathfrak g}\) denotes a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra and \(\widehat{\mathfrak g}\) the associated untwisted affine Lie algebra. A conjecture of MacKay claims that there is a fusing between quantum particles if for some \(a,b,c\in C^\times\) the space \(\Hom_{U_\varepsilon (\widehat{\mathfrak g})}(V(\lambda_i,a)\otimes V(\lambda_j,b)\otimes V(\lambda_k,c),C)\) is not trivial. \(V(\lambda_i,a)\) denotes a family of fundamental representations depending on a parameter \(a\in C^\times\), and \(i,j,k\) are nodes of the Dynkin diagram of \({\mathfrak g}\) labelling the quantum particles. This conjecture is proved in the paper for Yangians and quantum affine algebras, as well as under the assumption that the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\) is not of exceptional type. The paper is organized as follows: 1. Introduction, 2. Yangians, 3. Finite-dimensional representations, 4. Dorey's rule, 5. Some preliminary lemmas, 6. The \(A_n\) case, 7. The \(D_n\) case, 8. The \(B_n\) and \(C_n\) cases, 9. The quantum affine case, 10. Appendix: Dorey's rule and the affine Toda theories.