Koppelman formulas on flag manifolds and harmonic forms (Q1925765)

Integral formulas play a central role in complex analysis. The classical formulas like e.g. the Bochner-Martinelli-Koppelman formula or the (various) Cauchy-Fantappiè-Leray formulas are fundamental in modern complex analysis. Though the topic is quite classical by now, there are still very interesting new developments and applications of integral formulas, particularly due to the constructions of Berndtsson and Andersson who introduced a very flexible method of generating weighted integral formulas, especially useful for representing holomorphic functions and solutions of the \(\overline\partial\)-equation. Their approach has very interesting applications, concerning e.g. division and interpolation problems. In [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 24, No. 3, 319--337 (1991; Zbl 0742.32008)] \textit{B. Berndtsson} showed how their method yields integral representation on \(n\)-dimensional manifolds \(X\) which admit a vector bundle of rank \(n\) over \(X\times X\) such that the diagonal has a defining section. Such manifolds are said to have the `diagonal property'. Examples (given already in [Berndtsson, loc. cit., Zbl 0742.32008]) are Stein manifolds or the complex projective space \(\mathbb{CP}^n\). On the other hand, \textit{M. Anderson} presented in [Math. Ann. 326, No. 1, 1--18 (2003; Zbl 1024.32005)] a more flexible method which is easier to handle and allows for some representations with residue currents (applicable also to singular spaces). Following [Anderson, loc. cit., Zbl 1024.32005], Götmark set up weighted integral formulas for manifolds with the diagonal property (generalizing Berndtsson's work [loc. cit., Zbl 0742.32008]) and studied the resulting formulas on projective space \(\mathbb{CP}^n\) and on Stein manifolds (see [\textit{E. Götmark}, Ark. Mat. 46, No. 1, 43--68 (2008; Zbl 1153.32014)]). \textit{E. Götmark, H. Samuelsson} and \textit{H. Seppänen} realized in [J. Reine Angew. Math. 640, 101--115 (2010; Zbl 1198.32002)] that the complex Grassmannian manifolds \(G(k,N)\) of \(k\)-dimensional complex subspaces of \(\mathbb{C}^N\) actually satisfy the diagonal property and they adopted the machinery of Berndtsson, Andersson and Götmark to construct explicit integral representations for forms with values in any holomorphic line bundle (or the tautological vector bundle) over \(G(k,N)\). As an application, they obtained new explicit proofs of some vanishing theorems of the Bott-Borel-Weil type, and they related the projection part of their formulas to the Bergman kernels associated to the line bundles. This has quite interesting connections to the representation theoretic viewpoint (concerning compact Hermitian symmetric spaces). In the paper under review, the authors give a straightforward generalization of [Götmark and the authors, loc. cit., Zbl 1198.32002] to the case of flag manifolds in \(\mathbb{C}^N\) (the manifolds of flags of subspaces of \(\mathbb{C}^N\)). After proving that these flag manifolds actually satisfy the diagonal property, they use the machinery finalized in [Götmark and the authors, loc. cit., Zbl 1198.32002] to construct Koppelman type representation formulas for forms with values in any holomorphic line bundle as well as in the tautological bundles and their duals. As an application, they obtain new explicit proofs of some well-known vanishing theorems of Bott-Borel-Weil type. Another result presented is the realization that the smooth (projection) part of their integral kernel is a reproducing kernel for the harmonic \((p,q)\)-forms in the case of Grassmannians. This is a very nice generalization of the statement from [Götmark and the authors, loc. cit., Zbl 1198.32002] where the case of functions is treated (for functions, the projection part of the formula is related to the Bergman kernel).