Normal forms for Hopf-zero singularities with nonconservative nonlinear part (Q1932449)

This paper provides a well illustrated example for the application of the Lie algebra method to detect simplest normal forms, as well as orbital and parametric ones. The special system with Hopf-zero singularity mentioned is \[ 2x f(x,y^2+z^2)\dfrac{\partial}{\partial x} +(z+yf(x,y^2+z^2))\dfrac{\partial}{\partial y}+(-y+zf(x,y^2+z^2))\dfrac{\partial}{\partial z} \] with the non-degeneracy condition \(\beta_1^1\neq 0\) for \( f(u,v) = \beta_1^1 u + \dots \). This system is Eulerian, which is easy to see when rewritten in the form \[ 2xf(x,r^2)\dfrac{\partial}{\partial x} + 2r^2 f(x,r^2)\dfrac{\partial}{\partial r^2}+ \dfrac{\partial}{\partial \theta} \] with one rational first integral \(H = x/ r^2\) using the cylinder coordinates \(y = r\cos \theta\) and \(z=r\sin \theta\). Using the classical technique of the grading function, some normal forms are obtained. The Lie algebra method also can be adjusted to get the convergence of infinite normal forms as shown in [\textit{K.-T. Chen}, Am. J. Math. 85, 693--722 (1963; Zbl 0119.07505)].