Local Hardy spaces of Musielak-Orlicz type and their applications (Q1933984)

A function \(\varphi:\mathbb R^n\times[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)\) is called a growth function if the following hold: (i-a) \(\varphi(x,\cdot):[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)\) is nondecreasing, \(\varphi(x,0)=0\), \(\varphi(x,t)>0\) \((0<t<\infty)\), and \(\lim_{t\to\infty}\varphi(x,t)=\infty\) for any \(x\in\mathbb R^n\). (i-b) \(\varphi(\cdot,t)\) is a measurable function for any \(t\in[0,\infty)\). (ii) \(A_q^{\text{loc}}(\varphi):=\sup_{0\leq t<\infty}\sup_{|Q|\leq1}|Q|^{-q} \int_Q\varphi(x,t)dx\left(\int_Q\varphi(x,t)^{-q'/q}dx\right)^{q/q'}<\infty\) for some \(q\in[1,\infty)\), where \(Q\) denotes a cube with sides parallel to the coordinate axes. (iii) \(\varphi(x,st)\leq C_1 s^p\varphi(x,t)\) \((x\in\mathbb R^n,t\in[0,\infty)\) and \(s\in[0,1])\) for some \(C_1>0\) and \(p\in(0,1]\), and \(\varphi(x,st)\leq C_2 s\varphi(x,t)\) \((x\in\mathbb R^n,t\in[0,\infty)\) and \(s\in[1,\infty))\) for some \(C_2>0\). The Musielak-Orlicz space \(L^\varphi(\mathbb R^n)\) is defined to be the set of all measurable functions \(f\) with Luxemburg norm \(\|f\|_{L^\varphi(\mathbb R^n)} :=\inf\{\lambda>0; \int_{\mathbb R^n}\varphi(x,|f(x)|/\lambda)dx\leq 1\}\). The local vertical grand maximal function \({\mathcal G}_{N,R}(f)\) of \(f\) is defined by \({\mathcal G}_{N,R}(f)(x):= \sup\{|\psi_t*f(x)|; t\in(0,1),\psi\in \mathcal D(\mathbb R^n) \text{ with }\text{supp}\psi\subset B(0,R),\;\sup_{x\in\mathbb R^n}\sup_{\alpha\in\mathbb N^n,|\alpha|\leq N} |\partial ^\alpha\psi(x)|\leq 1\} \). For appropriately big \(N\in \mathbb N\), the local Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space \(h_{\varphi,N}(\mathbb R^n)\) is defined by \(h_{\varphi,N}(\mathbb R^n):=\{f\in \mathcal D'(\mathbb R^n); \mathcal G_{N,2^{3(n+10)}}(f)\in L^{\varphi}(\mathbb R^n)\}\). The authors show that this definition is the same as the one defined by using the nontangential grand maximal function. They also give its characterization in terms of atoms. The nonlocal case was recently treated by \textit{L. D. Ky} [``New Hardy spaces of Musielak-Orlicz type and boundedness of sublinear operators'', \url{arXiv:1103.3757}]. They introduce a local BMO-type space bmo\(_\phi(\mathbb R^n)\), which is the dual space of \(h_\varphi(\mathbb R^n)\). As an application, the class of pointwise multipliers for another local BMO-type space bmo\(^\phi(\mathbb R^n)\) is the dual of \(L^1(\mathbb R^n)+h_{\Phi_0}(\mathbb R^n)\), where \(\phi\) is an increasing function on \((0,\infty)\) satisfying some additional growth conditions and \(\Phi_0\) is a Musielak-Orlicz function induced by \(\phi\). They give the existence of finite atomic decompositions achieving the norm in some dense subspace of \(h_\varphi(\mathbb R^n)\), from which some criterions for the boundedness on \(h_\varphi(\mathbb R^n)\) of some sublinear operators are deduced. They also discuss the boundedness on \(h_\varphi(\mathbb R^n)\) of the local Riesz transforms and some pseudo-differential operators.