On embedded bound states of unitary operators and their regularity (Q1935763)

In this paper, the author considers a unitary operator \(U\) on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\). Then, he provides a sufficient set of conditions which guarantee that the possible eigenvectors of \(U\) are in the domain of some power of an auxiliary self-adjoint operator \(A\). This gives a result on the regularity of the eigenvectors of \(U\) with respect to \(A\). The main theorem of the paper can be summarized as follows. Assume that the map \[ \mathbb R\ni t\mapsto e^{-itA}Ue^{itA}\in\mathcal B(\mathcal H) \] satisfies an inductive condition similar to that of being strongly of class \(C^{n+1}\) for some \(n\in\mathbb N_{\geq2}\). Write \(-i[A,U]\) for the corresponding first derivative at \(t=0\). Let \(E_\Delta(U)\) be the spectral projection of \(U\) for an open interval \(\Delta\subset\mathbb T\). Suppose that there exist a number \(\theta>0\) and a compact operator \(K\in\mathcal B(\mathcal H)\) such that \[ E_\Delta(U)U^*[A,U]E_\Delta(U)\geq\theta E_\Delta(U)+K \quad\text{(Mourre estimate),} \] and let \(P\) be the projection on the eigenspace associated to an eigenvalue \(e^{i\mu}\in e^{i\Delta}\) of \(U\). Then one has the inclusion \(\mathrm{Range}(P)\subset\mathrm{Domain}(A^n)\). This result is a counterpart for unitary operators of results previously obtained for self-adjoint operators. See, for instance, [\textit{L. Cattaneo}, Bull. Sci. Math. 129, No. 1, 591--614 (2005; Zbl 1080.81009)] and [\textit{J. S. Møller} and \textit{M. Westrich}, J. Funct. Anal. 260, No. 3, 852--878 (2011; Zbl 1205.81087)]. The proofs rely on rather technical estimates on the successive commutators of \(U\) with \(A\). An application for kicked quantum systems is presented.