Vekua theory for the Helmholtz operator (Q1938458)

In this paper, the authors investigate the Vekua theory for the Helmholtz operator in a class of bounded Lipschitz domains in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) (\(n\geqslant 2\)). The Vekua operator \(V_{1}\) transforms the solution \(u\) to the homogeneous Laplace equation \[ \Delta u= 0 \] into solutions of the homogeneous Helmholtz equation \[ \Delta u+\omega^2 u= 0 \] and the Vekua operator \(V_{2}\) does the converse. The authors establish that the operators \(V_{1}\) and \(V_{2}\) are inverse to each other. The authors prove that Vekua operators \(V_{1}\), \(V_{2}\) are continuous from the Sobolev space \(H^j(D)\) into \(H^j(D)\), \(j\geqslant 0\). The constant of continuity is explicited in several parameters : the domain shape parameter \(\rho \in (0,\frac12]\) (\(\rho\) is assumed to be such that the ball of radius \(\rho h\) is included in the domain \(D\), where \(h\) is the diameter of \(D\)), the Sobolev regularity exponent \(j\geqslant 0\), and the wavenumber times the diameter \(\omega h\). The authors prove that the generalized harmonic polynomials are circular waves in 2D and spherical waves in 3D, and the generalized harmonic polynomials belong to the class of Herglotz functions.