Sharp inequalities for the Beurling-Ahlfors transform on radial functions (Q1939197)

For \(p\in[1,2]\), the authors discover the weak \((p,p)\) norm, and recover the strong one, of the Beurling-Ahlfors transform on radial functions, where it essentially reduces to the Hardy operator \[ \Lambda f(t)=t^{-1}\int_0^t f(u)du-f(t). \] They first apply a modification of Burkholder's method -- i.e., calculus of special auxiliary functions -- to prove a sharp martingale inequality \[ \operatorname{P}((\Delta X)^*\geq 1)\leq c_p\|X\|_p^p, \] where \((\Delta X)^*\) is the maximal function of the jump process \(\Delta X\) of the continuous-time martingale \(X\). Finally, they obtain \[ |\Lambda f(t)|=|\Delta X_t| \] for the (reverse) martingale \(X_t=\operatorname{E}[f|\mathcal{F}_t]\) relative to \(\mathcal{F}_t=\sigma([0,t),\mathcal{B}[t,\infty))\).