Geometries of lines and conics on the quintic del Pezzo 3-fold and its application to varieties of power sums (Q1940070)

The authors consider, given a form \(F\in k[x_0,\dots ,x_\nu]_m\), the variety of power sums \(\mathrm{VSP}(F,n)\), which is the closure in \(\mathrm{Hilb}_n(\mathbb P \nu )\) of the one which parameterizes the \(n\)-decompositions: \(F=H_1^m+\dots +H_n^m\), where each \(H_i\in k[x_0,\dots ,x_r]_1\). The case studied here is the one for \(m=4\); in this case when \(\nu=2\), a result of Mukai describes, for a generic \(F\), the variety \(\mathrm{VSP}(F,6)\), which is isomorphic to the Fano threefold \(A_{22}\) (and vice versa, any generic \(A_{22}\) is of this form). The variety \(A_{22}\) is birational to a quintic Del Pezzo threefold \(B\) (which is embedded in \({\mathbb P}^6\) via \(|H|\), where \(2H=-K_B\)). The idea in the paper is to use \(B\) in order to generalize Mukai's result; namely if \(C_d\) is a degree \(d\) smooth rational curve in \(B\), by blowing up \(B\) along \(C_d\) and along \(n={d-2 \choose 2}\) of its secant lines, one gets a threefold \(\hat A\) and a birational morphism \(\hat A \rightarrow \mathrm{VSP}(F_4,n)\), where \(F_4\) is an appropriate quartic form in \(k[x_0,\dots ,x_{d-2}]_4\). The construction is based on the varieties \({\mathcal H}_1\) and \({\mathcal H}_2\) which parameterize, respectively, marked lines on \(B\) (i.e. pairs \((l,t)\) such that \(l\subset B\) is a line and \(t\in l\cap C_d\)) and marked conics on \(B\) (i.e. pairs \((\eta,q)\). where \(q\subset B\) is a conic and \(\eta\) is a \(0\)-dimensional scheme of degree 2 with \(\eta \subseteq q\cap C_d\)). It turns out that the curve \({\mathcal H}_1\) is a trigonal curve of genus \(d-2\), while the surface \({\mathcal H}_2\) is a White surface in \({\mathbb P}^{d-3}\) (obtained by blowing up a plane at \({d-2 \choose 2}\) points and embedding via the linear system of curves of degree \(d-3\) through them).