Spectral self-affine measures with prime determinant (Q1942329)

The author investigates the spectrality of self-affine measures \(\mu\) satisfying the self-affine identity \[ \mu = \frac{1}{|D|}\,\sum_{d\in D} \mu \circ \phi_d^{-1}, \] where \(D\subset\mathbb{Z}^n\) is a finite digit set of cardinality \(|D|\) and \(\phi_d (x) := M^{-1}(x+d)\), for some expansive integer matrix \(M\) with the property that \(|\det M| = p\), for some prime \(p\). It is shown that under certain mild conditions and if there exist \(s_1, s_2\in \mathbb{R}^n\) with \(s_1 - s_2 \in \mathbb{Z}^n\) such that the exponential functions \(\exp (2\pi i \langle s_1, \cdot\rangle)\) and \(\exp (2\pi i \langle s_2, \cdot\rangle)\) are orthogonal in \(L^2(\mu)\), then the self-affine measure \(\mu\) is a spectral measure with lattice spectrum.