Infinitely many solutions for some singular elliptic problems (Q1943275)

The authors consider the following functional \[ J_{\lambda }(u)= \frac{1}{p} \int _{{\mathbb R}^N}(| | x | ^{-a}\nabla ^k u | ^p -\lambda h(x)| | x | ^{-(a+k)} u | ^p )dx - \frac{1}{q} \int _{{\mathbb R}^N} Q(x) | | x | ^{-b}u | ^q dx \] in the space \(X=D_a^{k,p}({\mathbb R}^N)\) which is the completion of \(C^{\infty }_0({\mathbb R}^N)\) under the norm \(\| u \| := \| | x | ^{-a}\nabla ^k u \| _p\). Here \[ \nabla ^k:= \begin{cases} (-\Delta )^{k/2} & \mathrm{ if }\,\, k \,\, \mathrm{ is}\,\, \mathrm{ even },\\ \nabla (-\Delta )^{(k-1)/2} & \mathrm{ if } \,\, k\,\, \mathrm{ is} \,\, \mathrm{ odd }, \end{cases} \] \[ 1<p, 0\leq a<b<a+k< N/p, q= Np/(N-p(a+k-b)) \leqno{(1)} \] and \(Q\) satisfies \[ Q\in C({\mathbb R}^N)\cap L^{\infty } ({\mathbb R}^N), Q(x)>0\,\,\mathrm{ for}\,\, \mathrm{ some }\,\,x, \;Q(0)\leq 0, \;\limsup _{| x| \to \infty } Q(x)\leq 0 .\leqno{(2)} \] They prove that for suitable \(\lambda \in {\mathbb R}\), there exist infinitely many critical points of the functional. More precisely, define \[ S_{a,b}^{k,p}= \inf _{u\in X, u\neq 0} \frac{\| | x | ^{-a}\nabla ^k u \| _p^p}{\| | x | ^{-b} \| _q^p}. \] Then they get the following theorems. {Theorem.} In the case where \(h\equiv 1\), assume that the conditions (1) and (2) are satisfied and \(\lambda < S_{a,a+k}^{k,p}\). Then there exists an unbounded sequence of critical values for \(J_{\lambda }\). {Theorem.} In addition to the hypotheses (1) and (2), assume \(h \not\equiv 0\) and \(h\in L^{N/p_0}({\mathbb R}^N,| x | ^{-N}dx)\) with \(p_0=p(a+k-b)\), and \(\lambda \in {\mathbb R}\). If \(Q \neq 0\) a.e., then there exists an unbounded sequence of critical values of \(J_{\lambda }\).