Graph theoretic characterizations of maximal non-valuation subrings of a field (Q1943345)

Let \(R\subset S\) be an extension of integral domains. \(R\) is called a maximal non-valuation subring of \(S\) if \(R\) is a non-valuation ring while every subring of \(S\) properly containing \(R\) is a valuation ring. The author investigates integral domains which are maximal non-valuation subrings of a field. The author first establishes several characterizations for maximal non-valuation subrings \(R\) of a field in the case \(R\) is an integrally closed domain of finite dimension and then he examines the non-integrally closed case. One of the main result of the paper is the following: Theorem. Let \(R\) be an integral domain of finite dimension \(d\) and let \(K\) be the quotient field of \(R\). The follwing statements are equivalent: \((1)\) \(R\) is a maximal non-valuation subring of \(K\). \((2)\) \((a)\) \(R\) is not a valuation ring of \(K\); and \((b)\) \(R[t]\) is a valuation ring of \(K\) for every \(t\in K\setminus R\). \((3)\) \((a)\) There is an element \(s_1\in K\) such that \(s_1\notin R\) and \(s_1^{-1}\notin R\); and \((b)\) for every \(s\in K\) and \(t\in K\setminus R\), we have \(s\in R[t]\) or \(s^{-1}\in R[t]\). \((4)\) \(R\) is \((a)\) either an integrally closed domain with a spectrum order isomorphic to a \(Y\)-graph, and a set of overrings order isomorphic to a kite graph of dimension \(d+1\); \((b)\) or a non-integrally closed quasilocal domain with a chained spectrum and a chained set of overrings of dimension \(d+1\).