Statistical foundations of liquid-crystal theory. II: Macroscopic balance laws (Q1944711)

A statistical derivation of the macroscopic balance laws of liquid crystals is given, where the microstructure is described by traceless symmetric tensors. The statistics is based on a probability function that obeys the Liouville equation. The macroscopic balance laws are derived using an interpretation of the expected values of the terms. The macroscopic balance laws are compared to \textit{E. MacMillan}'s conception [A theory of anisotropic fluids, Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis (Diss.) (1987)] and their relation and importance is discussed. The present work on the orientation balance shows two additional terms, the relation of which is also discussed in view of the results by \textit{M. Pitteri} [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 111, No. 2, 99--120 (1990; Zbl 0719.73003)] and \textit{G. Capriz} [``On ephemeral continua'', Phys. Mesomech. 11, No. 5--6, 285--298 (2008)] and \textit{M. Brocato} and \textit{G. Capriz} [``Clockwork, ephemeral and hybrid continua'', Phys. Mesomech. 14, No. 3--4, 124--144 (2011)]. It is hoped that the developments presented here -- if the additional terms are not essential -- may provide a microscopic basis for the equations of MacMillan. Part I, see Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 206, No. 3, 1039--1072 (2012; Zbl 1366.82061).