Time asymptotic behavior of the solution of an abstract Cauchy problem given by a one-velocity transport operator with Maxwell boundary condition (Q1944723)

The equation is \[ {\partial \Phi(r, \mu, t) \over \partial t} = - \mu {\partial \Phi(r, \mu, t) \over \partial r} - {1 - \mu^2 \over r} {\partial \Phi(r, \mu, t) \over \partial \mu} - \Sigma \Phi(r, \mu, t) + {c \Sigma \over 2} \int_{-1}^1 \Phi(r, \mu', t)\, d\mu' \] \((t \geq 0,\) \(0 \leq r \leq R,\) \(-1 \leq \mu \leq 1,\) \(c, \Sigma\) positive constants) coming from isotropic scattering in an homogeneous medium with spherical symmetry. The initial condition is \(\Phi(r, \mu, 0) = \Phi_0(r, \mu)\) and the boundary condition \[ |\mu| \Phi(R, \mu, t) = \int_0^1 \alpha \mu' \Phi(R, \mu', t)\, d\mu' \quad (-1 \leq \mu < 0, \;t \geq 0), \] where \(\alpha \geq 0\). By means of a functional-algebraic transformation of the function \(\Phi\), this equation is reduced to the abstract Cauchy problem \[ f'(t) = A_\alpha f(t) = B_\alpha f(t) + Kf(t) \, , \quad f(0) = f_0, \] where \(B_\alpha\) is a semigroup generator in a suitable \(L^1\) space and \(K\) is bounded (so that \(A_\alpha\) itself is a semigroup generator). Under assumptions on \(K(\lambda I - B_\alpha)^{-1}\) and \((\lambda I - A_\alpha)^{-1}\), the authors give an asymptotic expansion at infinity for the semigroup \(V_\alpha (t)\) generated by \(A_\alpha\) in terms of operator exponentials. This approach avoids smoothness assumptions on \(f_0\) present in previous results.