Welschinger invariants of real Del Pezzo surfaces of degree \(\geq 3\) (Q1945160)

The authors have studied Welschinger invariants of real toric Del Pezzo surfaces using tropical methods and a Caporaso-Harris degeneration technique [\textit{I. Itenberg} et al., Comment. Math. Helv. 84, No. 1, 87--126 (2009; Zbl 1184.14092)]. They have generalized the tropical approach also to non-toric Del Pezzo surfaces [\textit{I. Itenberg} et al., J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 15, No. 2, 539--594 (2013; Zbl 1307.14073)]. For the surfaces under consideration in this paper, the tropical method no longer applies. Instead, a real form of the Caporaso-Harris formula is deduced using the plane blown up in six points in general position. The surfaces under consideration contain at least two connected components of the real point set. Some variations of Welschinger's signs are introduced to obtain a positive enumerative invariant satisfying the logarithmic equivalence to rational Gromov-Witten invariants.