The Krull dimension of power series rings over non-SFT rings (Q1946166)

Let \(R\) be a commutative ring with identity, \(R[X]\) the ring of polynomials in \(x\) with coefficients in \(R\) and \(R[[X]]\) the ring of power series in \(x\) with coefficients in \(R\). The Krull dimension of \(R\), named after Wolfgang Krull (1899-1971), is the supremum of the number of strict inclusions in a chain of prime ideals of \(R\). We denote by \(\dim R\) the Krull dimension of \(R\). \textit{A. Seidenberg} [Pac. J. Math. 3, 505--512 (1953; Zbl 0052.26902)] proved that if \(\dim R = n\), then \(n+1\leq \dim R[X]\leq 2n+1\). Moreover, it is proved that \(n+1\leq \dim R[[X]]\), while the inequality \(\dim R[[X]] \leq 2n + 1\) may fail even if \(R[[X]]\) has finite dimension. In [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 213, No. 10, 1911--1915 (2009; Zbl 1180.13015)], \textit{B. G. Kang} and \textit{M. H. Park} showed that if \(\dim R = n\) and \(\dim R[[X]]< \infty\), then \(\dim R[[X]]\) can still be greater than \(2n + 1\). The ring \(R\) is called an \textit{SFT} ring if for each ideal \(I\) of \(R\), there exist a finitely generated ideal \(J\subseteq I\) and a positive integer \(k\) such that \(a^k\in J\) for each \(a\in I\). Also, a ring \(R\) is called a \textit{non-SFT} ring if it is not an SFT ring. \textit{J. T. Arnold} in [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 177, 299--304 (1973; Zbl 0262.13007)] showed that \(\dim R[[X]] = \infty\) when the ring \(R\) is not an SFT ring. According to this result, we must restrict ourselves to the case \(R\) is an SFT ring when studying the finiteness of \(\dim R[[X]]\). In the paper under review, the authors continue the study of the Krull dimension of \(R[[x]]\) where \(R\) is a non-SFT ring. They first construct a chain of multiplicatively closed subsets \(\{T_s\}_{s\in \mathcal{A}}\) in \(R[[X]]\). Then they prove that there is an uncountable subset \(\{T_s\}_{s\in \mathcal{B}}\) of \(\{T_s\}_{s\in \mathcal{A}}\) and an uncountable chain of prime ideals \(\{P_s\}_{s\in \mathcal{B}}\) in \(R[[X]]\) such that \(P_s\cap T_s = \emptyset\) for each \(s\in \mathcal{B}\). Finally they show that there exists an uncountably infinite chain of prime ideals in \(R[[X]]\) when \(R\) is a non-SFT ring.