New results on fat points schemes in \(\mathbb{P}^2\) (Q1948469)

This note is an announcement of two results about ideals of fat points in the plane. The first one is about the dimension of linear systems of plane curves with given multiplicities at a set of generic points \(P_1,\ldots , P_s\) in \({\mathbb P}^2\). Let \({\mathcal L}(t,m_1,\ldots ,m_s)\) be the linear system of curves of degree \(t\) with multiplicity at least \(m_i\) at each \(P_i\). Theorem A in the paper states that, if \(t\geq m_1+m_2\), \(m_1\geq m_2 \geq \ldots \geq m_s \geq 1\) and the expected dimension of the system is such that: \[ {t+2 \choose 2}- \sum_{i=1}^s {m_i+1 \choose 2} \geq {1\over 2}(sm_4^2-7m_4+2), \] then the system is non-special (i.e. its dimension is the expected one). Theorem B states that for \(P_1,\ldots , P_s\) as above, and \(I= I(P_1)^{m_1}\cap \ldots \cap I(P_s)^{m_s}\), with \(s\geq 9\), we have that if either 1) at least \(s-1\) of the \(m_i\)'s are equal, or 2) \(m_1\geq m_2 \geq \ldots \geq m_s \geq {m_1 \over 2}\) , then \(I^{(2r)} \subset M^rI^r\), where \(M=(x_0,x_1,x_2)\) is the irrelevant ideal. The two theorems are related to two conjectures; the first (which goes back to B. Segre in 1961) states that \({\mathcal L}(t,m_1,\ldots ,m_s)\) always has the expected dimension unless its base locus contains a \((-1)\)-curve; the second (by Harbourne and Huneke) states that any ideal made as \(I\) in Theorem B (in every \({\mathbb P}^n\)) is such that \(I^{(nr)} \subset M^{r(n-1)}I^r\), \(\forall r\geq 1\). The proofs of the theorems can be found in [\textit{M. Dumnicki, T. Szemberg} and \textit{H. Tutaj-Gasińska},``A vanishing theorem and symbolic powers of planar point ideals'', \url{arXiv:1302.0871}].