Effective integrable dynamics for a certain nonlinear wave equation (Q1951750)

The authors consider the degenerate half-wave equation on the one-dimensional torus \[ i\partial_{t}u-|D|u=|u|^{2}u,\quad u(0,\cdot)=u_{0}. \tag{1} \] Thanks to a resonant Birkhoff normal form reduction, they show that the equation can be well approximated for long times by the cubic Szegö equation, which was introduced and studied in a previous work by the authors. As a consequence, they show an instability phenomenon in Sobolev norms for (1).