On graphs related to comaximal ideals of a commutative ring (Q1952709)

Summary: We study the comaximal graph \(\Omega(R)\), the induced subgraph \(\Gamma(R)\) of \(\Omega(R)\) whose vertex set is \(R \setminus (U(R) \cup J(R))\), and a retract \(\Gamma_r(R)\) of \(\Gamma(R)\), where \(R\) is a commutative ring. For a graph \(\Gamma(R)\) which contains a cycle, we show that the core of \(\Gamma(R)\) is a union of triangles and rectangles, while a vertex in \(\Gamma(R)\) is either an end vertex or a vertex in the core. For a nonlocal ring \(R\), we prove that both the chromatic number and clique number of \(\Gamma(R)\) are identical with the number of maximal ideals of \(R\). A graph \(\Gamma_r(R)\) is also introduced on the vertex set \(\{Rx \mid x \in R \setminus (U(R) \cup J(R))\}\), and graph properties of \(\Gamma_r(R)\) are studied.