Dynamic boundary conditions as a singular limit of parabolic problems with terms concentrating at the boundary (Q1953997)

Let \(\Omega\) be a smooth bounded open set in \(\mathbb R^N\) with a \(C^2\) boundary \(\Gamma,\) and a strip of width \(\epsilon\) and base \(\Gamma\): \[ \omega_{\epsilon}=\{x-\sigma\overrightarrow{n}(x),\quad x\in\Gamma,\quad \sigma\in [0,\epsilon)\} \] for sufficiently small \(\epsilon\). Here \(\overrightarrow{n}(x)\) denotes the outward normal vector. The paper deals with the family of parabolic problems \((P_{\epsilon})\): \[ \frac{1}{\epsilon}\mathcal\chi_{\epsilon}u_t^{\epsilon}-\Delta u^{\epsilon}+\lambda u^{\epsilon}+ \frac{1}{\epsilon}\mathcal\chi_{\epsilon}V_{\epsilon}(x)u^{\epsilon}=f+\frac{1}{\epsilon}\mathcal\chi_{\epsilon}g_{\epsilon} \] in \(\Omega\), together with the boundary condition \(\frac{\partial u^{\epsilon}}{\partial n}=0\) on \(\Gamma\), and the initial condition \(u^{\epsilon}(0,x)=u^{\epsilon}_o(x)\) in \(\Omega\). Here, \(\mathcal\chi_{\epsilon}\) denotes the characteristic function of the set \(\omega_{\epsilon}\) and \(\lambda \in\mathbb R.\) Let \(u_o\) be the solution of the limit problem\((P_o)\): \(-\Delta u^{o}+\lambda u^{o}=f\) in \(\Omega\), together with the dynamic boundary conditions \(u_t^{o}+\frac{\partial u^{o}}{\partial n}+V(x)u^{o}=g\) on \(\Gamma\), and the initial condition \(u^{o}(0,x)=v_{o}(x)\) on \(\Gamma\). Under suitable conditions on the data, it is proved that problems \((P_{\epsilon})\) and \((P_o)\) are well-posed, and the following convergence results are obtained, as \(\epsilon\to 0\): \[ u^{\epsilon}\to{u^{0}}\text{ in }L^2((0,T),H^1(\Omega))\text{ weakly}, \] \[ \frac{1}{\epsilon}\mathcal \chi_{\epsilon}u^{\epsilon}\to u^{o}_{|\Gamma}\text{ and } \frac{1}{\epsilon}\mathcal \chi_{\epsilon}V_{\epsilon}u^{\epsilon}\to Vu^{o}_{|\Gamma}\text{ in } L^2((0,T),H^{-1}(\Omega))\text{ weakly}, \] These convergence results can be improved under stronger assumptions on the data.