Flasque resolutions of reductive group schemes (Q1955620)

A scheme \(S\) is called admissible if it is reduced, connected, locally noetherian and geometrically unibranch (meaning that for every \(s \in S\), the local ring \(\mathcal{O}_{S,s}\) with residue field \(k\) satisfies the property that \((\mathcal{O}_{S,s})_{\mathrm{red}}\) is integral and its integral closure is again local whose residue field is a purely inseparable extension of \(k\).) This paper generalizes the construction of flasque resolutions of connected reductive algebraic groups over a field Colliot-Thélène to connected reductive algebraic groups over an arbitrary admissible base scheme. The main result is Proposition 3.2 as follows. ``Let \(G\) be a reductive \(S\)-group scheme over an admissible scheme \(S\). Then there exist a quasi-trivial \(S\)-group scheme \(H\) (meaning that \(H^{\mathrm{der}}\) is simply connected and \(H^{\mathrm{tor}}\) is quasi-trivial \(S\)-torus), a flasque \(S\)-torus \(F\) and a central extension \[ 1 \to F \to H \to G \to 1." \] The author then proves some relationships between two flasque resolutions of \(G\). Motivated by the canonical isomorphism of twisted-constant \(S\)-group schemes \[ \mathrm{Coker}[F_* \to R_*] \simeq \mathrm{Coker}[F_{1*} \to R_{1*}] \] where \(1 \to F \to H \to G \to 1\) and \(1 \to F_1 \to H_1 \to G \to 1\) are two flasque resolutions of \(G\) and \(R = H^{\mathrm{tor}}\) and \(R_1 = H_1^{\mathrm{tor}}\), the author defines the algebraic fundamental group of \(G\) to be \(\pi_1(G) = \mathrm{Coker}[F_* \to R_*]\). Then the author proves that the algebraic fundamental group functor preserves the exactness of the short exact sequences of reductive groups schemes over admissible schemes.