Anisotropic local Hardy spaces (Q1958526)

Let \(A\) be real \(n\times n\) matrix and \(m_A=\min_{\lambda\in \mathrm{spec}(A)}|\lambda|\). Let us consider \(\varphi\in \mathcal{S}(\mathbb R^n)\) with the property \(\int_{\mathbb R^n}\varphi(x)\,dx\neq 0\) and \(\varphi_k(x)=|\det A|^{-k}\varphi(A^{-k}x)\), \(k\in\mathbb Z\). We say that a distribution \(f\in \mathcal{S}'(\mathbb R^n)\) belongs to \(h^p_A(\mathbb R^n)\), \(0<p<\infty\), if \(M^{0,loc}_{\varphi}= \sup\{|f*\varphi_k|:k\in\mathbb Z\cap (-\infty,0]\}\in L^p(\mathbb R^n)\). Let \(0<p\leq 1\), \(1\leq q\leq\infty\), \(p<q\), \(s\in\mathbb N\) and \(s\geq[(1/p-1)\ln|\det A|/\ln m_A]\), \(B_k=A^k\Delta\), where \(\Delta\) is an ellipsoid associated with \(A\) (see [\textit{M. Bownik}, Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 781, 122 p. (2003; Zbl 1036.42020)], Lemma 2.2). A measurable function \(a\) is a local \((p,q,s)\)-atom if there exists \(x_0\in \mathbb R^n\) and \(j\in \mathbb Z\) such that (i) \(\mathrm{supp}(a)\subset x_0+B_j\); (ii) \(\|a\|_q\leq |B_j|^{1/q-1/p}\) (\(|E|\) is the Lebesgue measure of \(E\)); (iii) \(\int_{\mathbb R^n}x^\alpha a(x)\,dx=0\) for \(\alpha\in\mathbb N^n\), \(|\alpha|:=|\alpha_1|+\dots+|\alpha_n|\leq s\). For \(p,q,s\) as above, the authors obtain the atomic decomposition of \(h^p_A(\mathbb R^n)\): \(f\in \mathcal{S}'(\mathbb R^n)\) belongs to \(h^p_A(\mathbb R^n)\) if and only if \(f=\sum^\infty_{i=1}\lambda_ia_i\) in \(\mathcal{S}'(\mathbb R^n)\), where \(a_i\) are local \((p,q,s)\)-atoms and \(\sum^\infty_{i=1}|\lambda_i|^p<\infty\). If \(m_A>1\) and \(0<p\leq 1\), then \(\mathcal{S}(\mathbb R^n)\) is a dense subspace of \(h^p_A(\mathbb R^n)\). The Campanato type space \(M^{p,q,s}_A(\mathbb R^n)\) is the space of locally \(L^{q'}\) functions \(g\) on \(\mathbb R^n\) such that \[ \|g\|_{M^{p,q,s}_A(\mathbb R^n)}=\sup_{B\in\beta_1}\inf_{p\in\mathcal P_s} |B|^{1/q-1/p}\|g-p\|_{L^{q'}(B)}+\sup_{B\in\beta_2}|B|^{1/q-1/p}\|g\|_{L^{q'}(B)}<\infty. \] Here \(\beta_1\) is the set of balls \(x_0+B_j\) with \(j\geq 0\) while \(\beta_2\) consists of balls with \(j>0\), \(\mathcal P_s\) is the space of polynomials of degree at most \(s\). It is proved that \(M^{p,q,s}_A(\mathbb R^n)\) for parameters \(p,q,s\) as above is the dual of \(h^p_A(\mathbb R^n)\).