Some additive combinatorics problems in matrix rings (Q1958673)

Let \({\mathbb F}_q\) be the finite field with \(q\) elements, \({\mathcal M}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) the set of matrices with entries in \({\mathbb F}_q\), \(\text{Gl}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) the group of invertible matrices, \(\text{Sl}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) the group of matices of determinant \(1\) and \({\mathcal Z}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) the set of singular matrices, \(n\geq 2\). For two sets \({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B}\subset{\mathcal M}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) let \[ N_{n,q}({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B})=\#\{A+B\in{\mathcal Z}_n({\mathbb F}_q):A\in{\mathcal A},B\in{\mathcal B} \}, \] \[ T_{n,q}({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B})=\#\{A+B\in\text{Sl}_n({\mathbb F}_q):A\in{\mathcal A},B\in{\mathcal B} \}. \] The authors prove that \[ \left|N_{n,q}({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B})-\frac{\#{\mathcal Z}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}}{q^{n^2}}\right|=O(q^{n^2-\frac{5}{2}}\sqrt{\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}}) \] and that \[ \left|T_{n,q}({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B})-\frac{\#\text{Sl}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}}{q^{n^2}}\right|=O(q^{n^2-2}\sqrt{\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}}). \] For \({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B},{\mathcal C},{\mathcal D} \subset{\mathcal M}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) and \(H\in {\mathcal M}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\) let \(R({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B},{\mathcal C},{\mathcal D};H) \) be the number of solutions to the equation \[ H=(A+B)(C+D),A\in{\mathcal A},B\in{\mathcal B},C\in{\mathcal C},D\in{\mathcal D}. \] Then, uniformly over all matrices \(H\in \text{Gl}_n({\mathbb F}_q)\), we have \[ R({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B},{\mathcal C},{\mathcal D};H)=\frac{1}{q^{n^2}}\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}\#{\mathcal C}\#{\mathcal D}+O(q^{n^2-\frac12}\sqrt{\#{\mathcal A}\#{\mathcal B}\#{\mathcal C}\#{\mathcal D}}). \] Finally, given a set \({\mathcal T} \) of integers, let \[ {\mathcal M}_n({\mathcal T}):=\{T=(t_{ij})\in {\mathcal M}_n({\mathbb Z}):t_{ij}\in{\mathcal T}, 1\leq i,j\leq n\}. \] For a non-zero integer \(m\) let \( \omega(m)\) denote the number of its distinct prime factors. Then there exists a positive constant \(c_0(n)\) such that if \({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B}\) are subsets of \(\{1,\ldots,N\}\) with \[ \min\{\#{\mathcal A},\#{\mathcal B}\}>c_0(n)(\log N)^{\frac{2n^2}{3}-1}(\log\log N)^{\frac{2n^2}{3}} \] and \(N\) is sufficiently large, then \[ \omega(W({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B}))\gg \min\{\#{\mathcal A},\#{\mathcal B}\}, \] where \[ W({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B}):=\prod_{A\in{\mathcal M}_n({\mathcal A})}\prod_{B\in{\mathcal M}_n({\mathcal B})}\det(A+B). \]