Preservation of \(p\)-continuity by Bernstein-type operators (Q1960907)

A Bernstein-type operator \(L\) on an interval \(I\) of the real line is a positive linear operator acting on real functions defined on \(I\) and having the form \[ Lf(x)= \int_If d\nu_x,\quad x\in I,\quad f\in{\mathcal L},\tag{1} \] where \(\nu_x\) is a Borel probability measure on \(I\), and \({\mathcal L}\) stands for the domain of \(L\), i.e.; the set of all real measurable functions on \(I\) for which the right-hand side in (1) makes sense. Obviously, \({\mathcal L}\) includes all the real measurable bounded functions on \(I\). For \(p\in[1,\infty]\), and any real function \(f\) defined on \(I\), the modulus of \(p\)-continuity \(\omega_p(f;\cdot)\) is defined by \[ \omega_p(f;\delta):= \begin{cases} \sup( \sum^n_{i=1}|f(x_i)- f(y_i)|^p)^{1/p},\text{ if }1\leq p<\infty,\;\delta\geq 0,\\ \underset{1\leq i\leq n}{\text{sup max}}|f(x_i)- f(y_i)|,\text{ if }p=\infty,\end{cases} \] where the supremum is taken over all the finite sequences of pairwise disjoint subintervals of \(I\), \((x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2),\dots,(x_n,y_n)\), such that \(\sum^n_{i=1} (y_i- x_i)\leq\delta\). We say that \(f\) is \(p\)-continuous if \(\omega_p(f; \delta)\to 0\), as \(\delta\to 0\). The set of all real functions on \(I\) which are \(p\)-continuous (resp. nondecreasing) will be denoted by \({\mathcal A}_p\) (resp. \({\mathcal T}\)). Let \(e_1(x):= x\). Theorem. Assume that the following two conditions are fulfilled: (a) \(L\) preserves monotonicity, i.e. \(L({\mathcal T}\cap{\mathcal L})\subset{\mathcal T}\). (b) \(e_1\in{\mathcal L}\) and \(Le_1\in{\mathcal A}_1\). Then, for all \(p\in [1,\infty)\), \(f\in{\mathcal L}\) and \(\delta\geq 0\), we have \[ \omega_p(Lf; \delta)\leq 2\omega_p(f; \omega_1(Le_1; \delta)).\tag{2} \] Therefore, \(L\) preserves the \(p\)-continuity; i.e., \(L({\mathcal A}_p)\subset{\mathcal A}_p\).