Microlocal WKB expansions (Q1961215)

Under some analyticity assumptions on the symbol \(p\) of a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator \(P=p(x,hD_x)\) (\(h\) being the semiclassical parameter, and the action of \(P\) on Schwartz functions being defined by \[ Pu(x)={{1}\over{(2\pi h)^n}}\iint e^{i\langle x-y,\xi\rangle/h}p\left({{x+y}\over{2}},\xi\right)u(y) dy d\xi), \] the authors establish the existence of a microlocal WKB expansion of the form \[ h^{-{m_0}}e^{-\Phi(x,\xi)/h}\sum_{j\geq 0}h^j a_j(x,\xi), \] as \(h\to 0+,\) of the FBI transform of the first eigenfunction of \(P\) near a point \((x_0,\xi_0)\in{\mathbb R}^{2n}\), which is a non-degenerate minimum for \(p(x,\xi).\) Here \(\Phi\) and the \(a_j\) are smooth (complex) functions, and such an expansion is valid on a domain that is characterized in terms of deformation properties. Such a result can be applied, for instance, to electromagnetic Schrödinger operators \[ P_A(x,hD_x)=\sum_{j=1}^n(hD_{x_j}-A_j(x))^2+V(x), \] where the electric potential \(V\) has a non-degenerate minimum at some point \(x_0.\)