Solvability of a three-dimensional stationary flowing problem (Q1972185)

A theoretical treatment is presented of a three-dimensional stationary problem of a flow of an ideal incompressible homogeneous fluid in a bounded domain \(\Omega \). The flow is described by the Euler equations \[ \text{rot} {\mathbf v} \times {\mathbf v} = -\nabla H, \quad \text{div} {\mathbf v} =0, \tag{1} \] where \( {\mathbf v} \) is the velocity vector, \( H = P + v ^ 2/2 \) is the Bernoulli function, \( P \) is the pressure. A~solution is to be found subject to the boundary conditions \[ { \mathbf v} \cdot {\mathbf n} {\Big {|}}_\Gamma = \gamma, \quad \text{rot} {\mathbf v} \cdot {\mathbf n} {\Big {|}}_{\Gamma^+} = \sigma, \quad H {\Big {|}}_{\Gamma^+} =\chi, \tag{2} \] where \( {\mathbf n} \) is the unit vector of the external normal to the boundary of the domain \(\Omega\). The boundary \( \Gamma = \partial \Omega \) is assumed to consist of three parts: \( \Gamma^0 = \{x\in \Gamma: \gamma (x) = 0 \} \) is the impermeable part of the boundary, \(\Gamma^+ = \{x\in \Gamma: \gamma (x) < 0 \} \) is the inlet into \(\Omega\) and \(\Gamma^- = \{x\in \Gamma: \gamma (x) > 0 \} \) is the outlet from \(\Omega\). It is supposed that the necessary condition for existence of a generalized solution is satisfied: \[ \int_{\partial \Omega} \gamma ds = 0. \] In the article under review, existence of a generalized solution to the problem (1), (2) for small normal components of a vortex \( \sigma \) is proven in two special cases: for a rotary symmetry of the data of the problem and for a constant boundary value \( \chi \) of the Bernoulli function. In the case of a rotary symmetry of the problem, the existence theorem for a symmetrical solution with a nonzero azimuthal velocity is proven if some restrictions on the behavior of the functions \( \gamma \) and \( \sigma \) are satisfied. It is shown that, in the case of a constant boundary value of the Bernoulli function, a solution to the problem (1), (2) is a spiral vector field, i.e., satisfies the equality \[ \text{rot} {\mathbf v} = \lambda {\mathbf v}. \] The factor \( \lambda \) is called the spirality. The spirality is beforehand unknown and is to be determined. The existence theorem for spiral solutions is proven under some conditions on the functions \( \gamma \) and \( \sigma \). The proofs of the indicated theorems are based on a regularization of the equations under consideration by introducing an artificial viscosity and deriving estimates for the norms of the solutions to the regularizing equations with vanishing viscosity.