Exact upper bounds for the number of one-dimensional basic sets of surface \(A\)-diffeomorphisms (Q1972734)

The article is devoted to the establishing of the maximal number of one-dimensional basic sets (i.e., the total number of nontrivial attractors and repellers) for \(A\)-diffeomorphisms of compact (orientable or non-orientable) surface. For this purpose a number called a thorn index of the diffeomorphism, which is a characteristic of disposition of one-dimensional basic sets of diffeomorphisms on the surface is introduced. In the work the estimations of the maximal number of basic sets either in the orientable or non-orientable case depending on both, topological type of the surface and geometric properties of basic sets, is obtained and it is shown that these estimates cannot be improved. The generalization of G. Levitt's estimate (Thèse, Univ. Paris VII, 1983) to the case of foliations on non-orientable surfaces is proved.